Key takeaways

  • Sauerkraut is fermented cabbage rich in probiotics, fiber, and nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin K2, iron, and manganese.
  • Eating sauerkraut may help improve digestion, boost immune health, support weight management, and reduce the risk of certain cancers. It may also promote heart and bone health.
  • To get the most health benefits, choose raw, unpasteurized sauerkraut from the refrigerated section without added preservatives or sugar. You can also make your own using just cabbage and non-iodized salt.

Sauerkraut is a type of fermented cabbage. It may have originated in China more than 2,000 years ago. Back then, fermentation was one of the methods used to keep foods from spoiling quickly.

Sauerkraut is now a popular side dish and condiment in many cultures. It’s especially appreciated in Germany, where its name originated.

Due to the fermentation it undergoes, sauerkraut offers a wide range of nutrition and health benefits beyond those of fresh cabbage. It’s a rich source of probiotics and vitamins that may aid digestion, boost immunity, and provide other health benefits.

Keep reading to learn more about eight health benefits of sauerkraut and how to make your own with a step-by-step guide.

Sauerkraut contains many nutrients important for optimal health. One cup (142 grams [g]) provides:

  • Calories: 27
  • Fat: 0.2 g
  • Carbs: 6.1 g
  • Fiber: 4.1 g
  • Protein: 1.3 g

Sauerkraut also provides a significant portion of your recommended daily value of:

  • sodium
  • vitamin C
  • vitamin K1
  • iron
  • manganese
  • vitamin B6
  • folate
  • copper
  • potassium

Sauerkraut is particularly nutritious because it undergoes fermentation, a process in which microorganisms on the cabbage digest its natural sugars, converting them into carbon dioxide and organic acids.

Sauerkraut fermentation creates conditions that promote the growth of beneficial probiotics, bacteria that provide powerful health benefits. Probiotics also help make foods more digestible, which increases your gut’s ability to absorb the vitamins and minerals they contain.

However, unlike cabbage, sauerkraut can be high in sodium. Keep this in mind if you’re watching your salt intake.

Older research suggests that your gut contains over 38 trillion microorganisms or “gut flora,” which is more than the total number of human cells in your body. These bacteria play a key role in your digestion.

Like some other fermented foods, sauerkraut promotes healthy gut flora. The probiotic bacteria in unpasteurized sauerkraut can act as a first line of defense against toxins and harmful bacteria.

Probiotics like those found in sauerkraut can also help reduce or prevent diarrhea caused by antibiotics and reduce digestive symptoms linked to inflammatory bowel disease, though research is limited.

Different probiotic strains may provide varying advantages. Some research suggests that one serving of sauerkraut may contain up to 30 distinct bacterial strains. Consuming a wide variety of strains may offer a broader range of health benefits.

Like most other fermented foods, sauerkraut also contains various enzymes that help break down nutrients into smaller, more easily digestible molecules.

Sauerkraut is a source of probiotics and nutrients that support your immune system.

The probiotics found in sauerkraut may help improve the balance of bacteria in your gut, which helps keep your gut lining healthy. A stronger gut lining helps prevent unwanted substances from “leaking” into your body and causing an immune response.

Maintaining a healthy gut flora also helps prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and may even boost the production of natural antibodies.

Regularly consuming probiotic foods may reduce your risk of developing viral infections, such as the common cold, gastroenteritis, and the flu, among others.

Sauerkraut is also rich in vitamin C and iron, both of which contribute to a healthy immune system.

Regularly consuming sauerkraut may help you lose weight and keep it off. That’s partly because sauerkraut, like most vegetables, is low in calories and high in fiber.

High fiber diets keep you fuller for longer, which may help you naturally reduce your daily calorie intake.

Sauerkraut’s probiotic content may also contribute to a trimmer waistline.

The exact reasons aren’t yet fully understood, but scientists believe that certain probiotics may have the ability to reduce the amount of fat your body absorbs from your diet.

But more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of sauerkraut-specific probiotic strains on weight loss.

A healthy gut flora may boost your mood and brain function. This is due to an intimate connection between your gut and brain, in which gut bacteria can send signals to your brain, influencing its function and perception of the world.

Fermented, probiotic foods like sauerkraut support the development of a healthy gut flora, which can help boost cognitive function and brain health. Some research suggests that probiotics may help regulate mood, stress, and anxiety symptoms while supporting memory and language.

That said, other studies warn that compounds in sauerkraut may interact with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a type of medication prescribed to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and Parkinson’s disease.

People taking these medications should consult a healthcare professional before adding sauerkraut to their diet.

Cabbage, the main ingredient in sauerkraut, contains antioxidants and other beneficial plant compounds that may help reduce the risk of certain cancers. The cabbage fermentation process may also create particular plant compounds that suppress the growth of precancerous cells.

Research from 2020 found that the beneficial compounds in cabbage may protect against colon, prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer.

However, the number of studies is limited, and not all studies found the same results. Thus, more are needed before strong conclusions can be made.

Sauerkraut may contribute to a healthier heart. It contains a good amount of fiber and probiotics, both of which may help reduce cholesterol levels.

Probiotics such as those found in sauerkraut may also help lower blood pressure slightly in people with hypertension.

Moreover, sauerkraut is one of the rare plant sources of menaquinone, more commonly known as vitamin K2, which may help reduce the risk of heart disease by preventing calcium deposits from accumulating in your arteries.

The vitamin K2 in sauerkraut also plays an important role in bone health. Vitamin K2 activates proteins that bind to calcium, the main mineral found in bones.

Experts believe this contributes to stronger, healthier bones. In fact, several studies have shown that vitamin K2 may benefit bone health.

However, it’s unclear whether the vitamin K2 of sauerkraut is enough to provide a significant benefit. More research is needed.

You can find sauerkraut easily in most supermarkets, but not all types are the same. To ensure you get the most out of store-bought sauerkraut, keep these simple tips in mind:

  • Avoid pasteurized varieties: Off-the-shelf sauerkraut is typically pasteurized, a process that kills the beneficial probiotics. Refrigerated varieties are less likely to be pasteurized, but check the label to be sure.
  • Avoid preservatives: Many store-bought sauerkraut brands contain preservatives, which may lower the probiotic count.
  • Avoid added sugar: Sauerkraut should contain only two ingredients: cabbage and salt. Some varieties may also add extra vegetables, but avoid those that add sugar or anything else to the mix.

Making sauerkraut is easy, simple, and inexpensive. Here’s how:

Basic sauerkraut

Ingredients

  • 1 medium green cabbage
  • 1 tablespoon (15 mL) of non-iodized salt
  • 2 to 3 carrots, shredded (optional)
  • 2 to 3 cloves garlic, finely chopped (optional)

Have a 1-quart (1-L) jar ready to keep the sauerkraut in, a 4-ounce (120-mL) smaller jar to press it down, and a kitchen scale to weigh your cabbage mixture.

Directions

  1. If you wish to add carrots and garlic, start by placing them in a large bowl.
  2. Discard the outer leaves of your cabbage, setting aside one nicer leaf. Then, slice the cabbage into quarters, leaving the core in. This makes shredding easier.
  3. Shred the cabbage quarters into the large bowl with the carrot and garlic mix. Incorporate enough cabbage to bring the total weight up to 28 ounces (800 grams), which will fit a 1-quart (1-L) jar.
  4. Add salt and massage it into the cabbage mixture for a few minutes, until brine starts to accumulate at the bottom of your bowl.
  5. Pack the cabbage mixture into a clean, 1-quart (1-L) jar, pressing down to get rid of air pockets. Pour the remaining brine into the jar. Air in the jar enables harmful bacteria to grow, so make sure the mixture is completely submerged.
  6. Trim the cabbage leaf you set aside earlier to fit the opening of your jar. Place it in the jar on top of the mixture to prevent veggies from floating to the surface.
  7. Place a 4-ounce (120-mL) jelly jar with no lid inside the larger jar, on top of the mixture. This will hold your veggie mixture below the brine during fermentation.
  8. Screw the lid onto your 1-quart (1-L) jar. It will press the jelly jar down, keeping your cabbage mixture below the brine. Leave the lid slightly loose to allow gases to escape during fermentation.
  9. Keep it at room temperature, out of direct sunlight, for 1 to 4 weeks.

Keep in mind that the larger the head of cabbage you start with, the sweeter and better your sauerkraut will taste.

If you’re impatient to taste your creation, you can do so after 7 days. The longer you let it ferment, the stronger the flavor will be.

Sauerkraut makes a great addition to dishes. Consider trying Healthline’s turkey sausage with sauerkraut and mustard sauce recipe.

Sauerkraut contains probiotics, which can help support digestion by improving your gut flora. Sauerkraut also contains fiber, which can help reduce your risk of constipation and regulate your bowel movements.

Sauerkraut is considered safe to eat every day for most people. However, you may wish to consider eating other fermented foods to benefit your gut bacteria, such as kombucha and kimchi. Yogurt also contains beneficial probiotics.

Each product may contain different strains of bacteria, each with varying benefits.

Raw, unpasteurized sauerkraut contains beneficial probiotics that generally don’t survive pasteurization. You can typically find these in the refrigerated sections of some grocery stores, but it’s best to check the label to make sure your sauerkraut has not been pasteurized.

Sauerkraut is incredibly nutritious and healthy. It provides probiotics and vitamin K2, known for their health benefits, along with many other nutrients.

Eating sauerkraut may help strengthen your immune system, improve your digestion, reduce your risk of certain diseases, and even help you lose weight.

To reap the greatest benefits, try eating a little bit of sauerkraut each day.