Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become weak and brittle, meaning even mild stresses like coughing or bending over can trigger a fracture. It occurs when the creation of new bone tissue does not keep pace with the loss of old bone tissue.

 

Key Aspects of Osteoporosis

The "Silent" Disease: Often, there are no symptoms in the early stages, and people are unaware they have the disease until they experience a fracture—typically in the hip, wrist, or spine. Later signs can include height loss, severe back pain, and stooped posture. 
Who is Most at Risk: While anyone can develop the condition, it is most common in older adults over age 50. Women—especially those past menopause—are at the highest risk due to a rapid decrease in bone-protecting estrogen. Other risk factors include a thin body frame, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and a family history of the disease. 
Diagnosis: Doctors diagnose osteoporosis by measuring your bone mineral density (BMD) using a quick, non-invasive test called a DEXA scan.
Prevention & Treatment: While you cannot completely replace lost bone, the right combination of medications, weight-bearing exercises, and a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D can strengthen weak bones and prevent further deterioration. Common medications include bisphosphonates, hormone-related therapies, and bone-building injections.